More than a “Hello World” in VBA

mike.hanson — Mon, 24 May 2010 18:31:42 +0000

When I started at Bates Group, LLC one of my first assignments was to debug an Excel VBA macro. Knowing nothing about the language I fought my way through the bug and fixed the macro. After that I quickly decided to learn more about the language. Since “Hello World” only gets me so far, I decided to do something a little tougher. What better way to do that than to think back to my college assignments?

Back then one of the assignments I had was to write a random walk function. Imagine standing next to a lamppost on the street. From the lamppost you can take a step in one of four directions; North, South, East, or West. You take a step in a random direction and then look at where you are. From your new location you take another step in a random direction and you keep taking these random steps for a while. Finally you stop and look up, how far away from the lamppost are you?

The following function does that only much faster than you or I could. It takes 20,000 steps total and colors them along the way. Every 2,000 steps it will change colors leaving a cool trail as it goes along.

Public Sub TakeAWalk()
    Workbooks("themikecom_vba_helloworld.xls").Activate
    ActiveWorkbook.Worksheets("Board").Select
 
    ' Where on the sheet should we start?
    ActiveSheet.Range("EE150").Select
 
    ' How many steps per turn should we take?
    STEPS_PER_TURN = 2000
 
    ' How many turns should we take?
    TURNS = 10
 
    For j = 3 To (TURNS + 3)
    For i = 0 To STEPS_PER_TURN
 
        ' Should we step east or west?
        randomX = Int(4 * Rnd)
 
        ' Should we step north or south?
        randomY = Int(4 * Rnd)
 
        ' Move west-east
        Select Case randomX
            Case 2 ' Move one step west
                If ActiveCell.Column < 1 Then ' Do not overstep the west border
                    ActiveCell.Offset(0, -1).Select
                End If
 
            ' Case 1 - Stay in the same spot

            Case 0 ' Move one step east
                If ActiveCell.Column <= 255 Then ' Do not overstep the east border                     ActiveCell.Offset(0, 1).Select                 End If         End Select         ' Move north-south         Select Case randomY             Case 2 ' Move one step north                 If ActiveCell.Row > 1 Then ' Do not overstep the north border
                    ActiveCell.Offset(-1, 0).Select
                End If
 
            ' Case 1 - Stay in the same spot

            Case 0 ' Move one step south
                If ActiveCell.Row <= 65535 Then ' Do not overstep the south border
                    ActiveCell.Offset(1, 0).Select
                End If
        End Select
 
        ' Leave a trail
        ActiveCell.Interior.ColorIndex = j
 
    Next i
    Next j
End Sub

With that done I wanted to add another function to learn how to create a menu. I came up with the square flower. This function will generate a square of random size with each section of the square filled with a different color. This function taught me some tricks about looping in VBA, some ways are a lot faster than others.

Public Sub Flower()
    Workbooks("themikecom_vba_helloworld.xls").Activate
    ActiveWorkbook.Worksheets("Board").Select
 
    Dim start As Range
    Dim Length As Integer
    Dim Width As Integer
    Dim Color As Integer
 
    ' The starting point of the flower
    Set start = ActiveCell
 
    ' The maximum size of the flower
    size = Int(57 * Rnd)
 
    ' Ignore boundry errors for now
    On Error Resume Next
 
    For z = 0 To size
        ' Generate a random color for this row
        Color = Int((56 - 1 + 1) * Rnd + 1)
 
        ' Left side
        Range(start.Offset(0, 0), start.Offset(Length, 0)).Interior.ColorIndex = Color
 
        ' Bottom side
        Range(start.Offset(Length, 0), start.Offset(Length, Length)).Interior.ColorIndex = Color
 
        ' Upper side
        Range(start.Offset(0, 0), start.Offset(0, Width)).Interior.ColorIndex = Color
 
        ' Right side
        Range(start.Offset(0, Width), start.Offset(Width, Width)).Interior.ColorIndex = Color
 
        Set start = start.Offset(-1, -1)
        Length = Length + 2
        Width = Width + 2
    Next z
 
    On Error GoTo 0
End Sub

So what did I learn after all of this? Mostly that I have a strong dislike for VBA. It works well for small projects with small data sets. However those small projects quickly expand into real programs which need to be maintained. You are better off doing it right the first time instead of maintaining a large clunky macro.

Download the complete macro here. You will need to enable macros in your security settings to get them to work. Once enabled, select “Random Walk” from the “theMike.com – Hello World VBA” menu. This will start a random walk which will finish after a couple of seconds. The “Square Flower” menu item will create a square flower under your cursor.

theMike.com » vba

More than a “Hello World” in VBA